1700 - 1800

1729 - 8 August, 1729 - The preservation of the peace, protection of property and the arrest of offenders has been the goal of Baltimore residents since August 8, 1729, when the Legislature created Baltimore Town, 100 years before the "London Metropolitan Police Department" was founded by Sir Robert Peel (1829) Note: Sir Robert Peel "Bobby" Peel is widely believed to be where the nickname of the police helmet "Bobby Cap" came from, upon founding the London Metropolitan Police Department, officers were quickly called Bobby Cops, or Bobbies, likewise their hats, "Bobby Caps" 
1775 - Would be the start of what would come to be 9 years of haphazard policing in "Baltimore Town" where mistakes were made, but those mistakes were learned from, and in 1784 "Baltimore Town", decided to form a paid "Watch", in which the Watchmen could be fired, or otherwise penalized, for neglect of duty. These first attempts to form the Nightwatch had male inhabitant capable of duty sign an agreement, in which they swore to conform to police regulations adopted by the citizens and sanctioned by the Board of Commissioners, to attend when summoned to serve as night watchmen. This committee had some of the functions of the 1888 Board of Police Commissioners. (The town was divided into Districts and in each of these was stationed a company commanded by a Captain of the Nightwatch.) 
1775/76 - The first Captains of the watch, or police, in Baltimore, under this primitive arrangement, were Captain James Calhoun, of the First District; Captain George Woolsey, Second District; Captain Benjamin Griffith, Third District; Captain Barnard Eichelberger, Fourth District; Captain George Lindenberger, Fifth District; and Captain William Goodwin, of the Sixth District. At Fell's Point, Captain Isaac Yanbidder, with two assistants, or Lieutenants. Each Captain had under his command a squad of sixteen men, every inhabitant being enrolled, and taking his turn. The streets were patrolled by these watchmen from 10 pm. until daybreak. 
1776 -  20 December 1776 - As British troops closed in on Philadelphia at the end of 1776, the Continental Congress decided to abandon the city and flee south to the safe haven of Baltimore. Delegates convened on December 20, 1776, inside the spacious house and tavern of Henry Fite. Click HERE 

1784 - The First Attempt to Organize a Paid Force to Guard Baltimore occurred in 1784. Constables were appointed and given police powers to keep the peace. Baltimore's Police Department had been developing their police force since the formation of our "Night Watch" in 1784. In the beginning, they were "Necessary to prevent fires, burglaries, and other outrages and disorders." This from (Chapter 69, Acts of 1784). This was 45 years before Sir Robert Peel's London Metropolitan Police was founded in 1829
1784 - Baltimore would obtain Street Lights by order of the Police Department - These lights were oil lamps and they were lit by order of the police, they were extinguished by the police, and they were maintained by order of the police. It was not so obvious to the public as it were to the panel of commissioners, and to the council of city hall, but the lighted streets in Baltimore were a deterrent that prevented, and decreased crime, in and around "Mob Town". While at first many of the ideas, and or theories of the Panel of Commissioners, and or Our Marshals were often shot down, or put off until they either died in committee or were funded privately. Still, many of these ideas went on to become the norm in law enforcement throughout the country, and around the world.  Furthermore, these concepts would eventually be paid for, and widely approved of and authorized by state legislatures. 
1787 -  May 1787 - We lost our Brother Watchman Turner 
1797 - 3 April 1797 - the City Council passed the first ordinance affecting the police. It directed that three persons were to be appointed Commissioners of the watch. They could employ for one year as many Captains and watchmen as had been employed in the night watch the year past for the same remuneration. The Commissioners prescribed regulations and hours of duty for the police. 
1798 - 19 March 1798 - An officer known as “The City” or “High Constable”, was created by the ordinance on March 19, 1798. His duty was "to walk through the streets, lanes, and alleys of the city daily, with mace in hand, taking such rounds, that within a reasonable time he shall visit all parts of the city, and give information to the Mayor or other Magistrate, of all nuisances within the city, and all obstructions and impediments in the streets, lanes, and alleys, and of all offenses committed against the laws and ordinances." He was also required to report the names of the offenders against any ordinance and the names of the witnesses who could sustain the prosecutions against them and regard the mayor as his chief. The yearly salary of the city constable was fixed at $350, and he was required to give a bond for the performance of his duty. 
1798 - Baltimore made the first of certain steps toward creating the chief of police, or marshal as he was later called. A high constable was appointed, and it was his duty to tour the city frequently, carried a mace, the badge of authority, and to report on lawbreakers.  By the turn of the century, Baltimore had again become an unmanageable, riotous city. It was now a bustling community of 31,514 in population and one historian remarks naively, "The city was a rendezvous of a number of evil characters."  
1799 - 26 February 1799 - Authorized the appointment of a city constable in each ward. This ward constable was thus a policeman, and the term of city constable was not properly his although his duties were defined by the ordinance to be the same as those of the city or high constable.

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Press Review

The Coldest of Cases

The Coldest of Cases

The Coldest of Cases: Was the Case of the Murder of Little Clare Stone Solved at Last?
By Laura Cadden - submitted to Kenny Driscoll, Baltimore City Police Museum

06/27/2021

 

My father, James J. Cadden, was a Detective Captain with the BPD in the 1970’s. I’m recording everything here as I recall my father relating it to me in the 80’s. I apologize for any errors of memory on my part and the somewhat rambling story-telling. Again, I may have many facts incorrect. The following is simply what I remember of the case and is not fact-checked. My Dad kept copies of cases that interested him and showed me old articles and police reports related to Clare Stone. All this said, here’s the story as I know it...

When 7 year old (or perhaps 8 year old) Myra Clare Stone (known by “Clare” or “Clara” Stone) was found dead on February 22, 1922, it caused a sensation in Baltimore. 

She lived at 3163 Elmora Ave in what I believe we now call the Belair-Edison for Four-by-Four neighborhood. The little girl had been missing for a few days and was eventually discovered in “Duncan woods” in nearby Orangeville. 

A massive investigation took place, but no murderer was identified. This resulted in great frustration and greater fear among residents. 

The child had been shot in the head and though her skirts were flipped up, my father said that the autopsy indicated she had not “been interfered with”. Near her body were tire marks from a bicycle. 

And the bullet that killed her was from a specific type of revolver. 

Those who were born in the years following (including my father) were warned by their parents not to wander alone in secluded areas, or they’d “end up like poor little Clara Stone”. Her name and frightening end was forever seared into the memories of those children. 

Fast forward to 1974, I believe it was, when my father was Captain of the Central District at the time and was shifted overnight to this new role. My father had spent most of his time with the BPD as a homicide detective. 

In the days following his new appointment, my father reviewed files that had been left in the Captain’s desk. 

One of the papers he came across was a letter from the Los Angeles Police Homicide Unit. The letter stated that an elderly dying man (my father believed he had something to do with the film industry out there), had contacted them with information related to an old murder case. He wanted them to pass it along to the BPD.

The letter had been sent a year or two prior and apparently had not been followed up on. My father was shocked to see that the victim in this case was Clare Stone. My father pulled the files for the cold case and reviewed the man’s letter for details. 

His story went something like this…

The man told the LAPD that his father was a brutal and uncommunicative man. He owned a bicycle and a gun.

Around the time of Clare’s death, his father was behaving particularly oddly and secretively. He put his bike in the basement and never rode it again.

I don’t recall where the man lived, but it seemed my father felt it was close enough to the murder site to be of interest. 

The bike the name described was of a type that either matched or could well have matched the tire marks that were found at the crime scene. 

More importantly, the bullet was of the type used in the gun the man described. The man stated that when his father died, his older brother - or was it he? - took the old gun and threw it into a river (he stated where in the letter). 

The man said he felt certain all these years that his father was responsible for the murder of Clare Stone and now that he was dying, he had to speak. 

My father called the LAPD and asked to speak to the Captain of Homicide regarding this matter. 

He was connected to the gentlemen who explained that he had recently taken over the position, just as my father had. And would have to look into the matter. When he asked my father for his name, he said… “I met a Cadden from the BPD some years ago on a train.”

Forgive the following aside here…

In one of those quirks of fate, the two had indeed met. 

My father and a female detective had gone to California on extradition in the 1950’s (or early 1960’s). The homicide suspect was a young African-American woman.

My father and the other detective returned to Baltimore via a train. On the ride home, my father was seated with the two women. 

A man approached my father, opened his wallet to show his badge and said something like, “My name is XXX (wish I could recall this!) and I’m a detective with the LAPD. I’m sorry to bother you, but are you by chance officers transporting a suspect?”

My father stood and shook his hand and said indeed they were and said, “My name’s Cadden. I’m a detective with the Baltimore Police.”

The LAPD detective asked my father if he wouldn’t mind, to come a few rows back with him to meet his wife. He said his wife had pointed out my father and the two women to her husband and said how sweet it was to see a young couple traveling with “their maid”.  

The Californian detective told her that he’d wager they were detectives on extradition with a suspect. His wife then chided him for being so cynical. His response was to tell his wife he’d just ask the “couple” and see. My father confirmed his suspicions to the wife and they had a good laugh over it. 

That very Los Angeles detective had been appointed around the same time as my father, as Captain.  

Now back to the point of this story...

I believe the old gentlemen who’d provided the information had not yet died, but refused to speak any further on the topic. 

My father had detectives look up the initial interviews conducted by the BPD in 1922 and returned to those addresses, trying to find anyone who may have more information on the case and this “new” suspect. They didn’t find any new information. As I recall when viewing the copies of reports my father kept, most had notated something like “interviewee deceased, no further information available from current resident or family.”

My father then had the area of the waterway the gentlemen had described dredged for the gun. With no results. 

I’m not sure of all the details, but in the end, my father believed the information in the letter to be true… and that he now knew who had killed Little Clare.

Though I don’t believe he ever knew what motivated the man to commit the crime (more on this below!). 

Fast-forward to the 1990’s...

In the mid-90’s, the TV series Homicide: Life on the Street was airing. I was a fan of the series and had read Dave Simon’s book on which it was based. He wrote about many detectives that had worked with my father. 

I was impressed with Dave Simon, but when I mentioned him to my Dad, he scowled deeply. He said something about knowing him to be a hippy reporter who was always looking to attack the BPD. He would not watch the show or read his book. In fact, the only cop show he did watch was Barney Miller

It was during that time that Dave Simon called my house (I lived with my parents) asking for my father. I suppose he’d heard from someone about the letter. He said he was hoping my Dad would speak with him about Clare Stone. I took the phone message, knowing that my father wouldn’t be enthusiastic to speak with him.

I believed the story should be heard and known by others who’d wondered about it all these years. After much cajoling on my part, he called Simon back and I believe he sent along to him his files and info related to the case.

Eventually, there was an episode related to it (episode 21 of the 6th season of Homicide: Life on the Street). It was called “Finnegan’s Wake”. The episode was directed by Steve Buscemi. According to Wikipedia, ‘An old man (and former BPD detective) wanders into the homicide squadroom, claiming to have information on the 1932 death of an eight-year-old girl named Clara Slone.’ As you can see, he amended the year and name slightly.

Addendum… 

In looking for articles on this crime on newspapers.com, I came across a story from a Virginia newspaper from September of 1922 about a man who claimed to have helped kidnap Clare for ransom with a man named “Red”. Basically, according to him, things didn’t work out and “Red” killed her. I hadn’t heard about this before, and can’t say if my father knew of this either. 

Perhaps the man’s story was true and this was the motive. I guess we’ll never know, dernit.

I believe there was an earlier article from one of the Baltimore newspapers - perhaps from the 70’s - in my father’s file. I can’t seem to find it online. It showed a portrait of the girl and an evidence photo of her small button up shoes. 

Below is Clare’s “Find a Grave” entry, a link to a 2019 Baltimore very brief Jacques Kelly article about the case, and a photo of the 1922 article I’ve mentioned.

My thanks to Kenny Driscoll for finding a 1972 article stating that the earlier BPD captain, John C. Barnold, decided not to follow up on the lead from a 61 year old man in California. You’ll find that below, as well. 

Feb 23 1922 Clare stone pg 2

 Click HERE or the above article to see full size article

Feb 23 1922 Clare stone pg 2

  Click HERE or the above article to see full size article

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2019 Baltimore Sun article re the case: https://www.baltimoresun.com/maryland/baltimore-city/bs-md-ci-kelly-column-clare-20190222-story.html 

Possible motive? Article from Sep 8, 1922 - maybe you can do more digging, Kenny?

 

Sep 8 1922 Article murder of Clare Stone



Kenny found the following article from March, 1972: 

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Please contact Det. Ret. Kenny Driscoll if you have any pictures of you or your family members and wish them remembered here on this tribute site to Honor the fine men and women who have served with Honor and Distinction at the Baltimore Police Department. Anyone with information, photographs, memorabilia, or other "Baltimore City Police" items can contact Ret. Det. Kenny Driscoll at   Kenny@BaltimoreCityPoliceHistory.com follow us on Twitter @BaltoPoliceHist or like us on Facebook or mail pics to 8138 Dundalk Ave. Baltimore Md. 21222.

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